To protect the pancreas, the acinar cells manufacture inactive forms of the enzymes called proenzymes, or zymogens.

为了保护胰腺，腺会产生这些酶的无活性形式，称为“酶原”。

As the acinar cells become impaired they produce fewer pancreatic digestive enzymes, which results in pancreatic insufficiency.

当腺受损时，它们产生的胰消化酶减少，引起胰腺功能不全。

Cholecystokinin stimulates acinar cells in the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes that travel through the pancreatic ducts and into the duodenum.

胆囊收缩素也能激胰腺的腺产生消化酶；消化酶从胰腺导管排出，进入十二指肠。

Alcohol also contributes to pancreatitis in other ways, though, for example, stimulating acinar cells to release inflammatory cytokines which attracts a strong immune reaction.

酒精还过其它方式导致胰腺炎，比如促进腺释放炎性因子，从而引起强烈的免疫反应。

With alcohol abuse it goes like this: alcohol increases zymogen secretion from acinar cells while decreasing fluid and bicarbonate production from the ductal epithelial cells.

酒精滥用是这样引发急性胰腺炎的：酒精增加腺分泌酶原，同时让胰管上皮减少生成水和碳酸氢盐。

As part of the subsequent healing process pancreatic stellate cells lay down fibrotic tissue which causes narrowing, or stenosis of the ducts, as well as acinar cell atrophy.

作为后续修复愈合过程的一部分，胰腺星状会产生纤维化组织，造成导管狭窄及腺萎缩。

When the pancreatic acinar cells are damaged or the the pancreatic ducts are blocked, often because of alcohol abuse or gallstones, the inactive zymogens that the pancreas produces can be prematurely converted to active digestive enzymes.

常由酒精滥用或胆结石导致的胰腺腺受损或胰管阻塞时，胰腺产生的无活性酶原被过早转化为活性消化酶。