But decay is reversible until it reaches the dentin.

可是，在牙本遭腐蚀之前，腐蚀随时都会发生。

And sometimes, the combination of sweet stuff and exposed dentin equals pain.

有时，甜东西和露牙本碰撞就会导致疼痛。

That snack touching the outside of your exposed dentin has highly concentrated solutes in the form of sugar molecules.

那些接触露牙本外部零食含有高度集中糖分子形式溶。

If your enamel is worn away, your dentin and its tubules can be exposed.

如果牙釉被磨掉了，牙本和它小管就会露出来。

Some become odontoblasts — these cells make dentin, the tough, fibrous core of the tooth.

一些变成成牙细胞——这些细胞形成牙，坚硬纤维牙，是牙齿核心部分。

And the dentin acts as the selectively permeable barrier.

而牙本则作为选择性渗透屏障。

If destruction continues into the dentin layer, then the caries lesion enlarges towards the pulp.

牙本损害继续蔓延，缺损会延伸牙髓。

These growth factors cue stem cells to generate dentin, the bonelike substance that teeth are mostly made of.

这些生长因子会提示干细胞修复牙本，这是牙齿成分中绝大部分组成物。

The fluid in your dentin's microtubules rushes out of your tooth towards the sugar.

牙本微管中液体冲出牙齿，冲向糖那里。

The demineralization of cementum and dentin can occur in a pH range of 6.2-6.8.

牙骨和牙本脱矿可以在pH6.26。8范围内发生。

Odontoblasts use a more complex process, but unlike ameloblasts, they stick around, continuing to secrete dentin throughout your life.

成牙本细胞则需要更复杂过程，但与成釉细胞不同，它们不会消失，会在我们有生之年继续分泌牙本。

This amazing structure is created by two types of cells: ameloblasts that secrete enamel and odontoblasts that secrete dentin.

分泌牙釉成釉细胞以及分泌牙本成牙本细胞。

They're false in that they're not made of what our teeth are made of: dentin and enamel.

“伪牙”不是由我们牙齿材料——牙本和珐琅——构成。

But if the damage extends beyond the dentin, the bacterial invasion progresses causing excruciating pain as the nerves become exposed.

在此阶段，逐渐扩大 蛀牙区并不会产生疼痛，但若损害扩大 超出了牙本范围持续侵入细菌。

And, like us, the inside has a pulpy part with some cells that produce dentin.

而且，和我们一样，里面有一个浆状部分，里面有一些产生牙本细胞。

And they fixed the dentin the door, I just need to go and pick it up tomorrow.

他们把门上牙本修好了， 我只需要明天去取。

First, the acid eats away the very hard outer layer of yourtooth, called the enamel. Inside the enamel is the dentin.

酸性物会先腐蚀掉牙冠表珐琅。珐琅所包覆便是牙本。

They are made up of an outer layer of enamel, and an inner layer of hard, dense, bony tissue called dentin.

它们牙齿由外牙釉以及内坚硬、紧密骨组织构成，这些骨组织被称为牙。

And it’s made up of three layers: the enamel, the dentin, and the pulp.

它由三组成：牙釉、牙本和牙髓。

But the cavity doesn't really start to hurt until it gets through the dentin to the soft pulp. That'swhen you get a toothache.

但是，要等酸性物通过牙本，开始腐蚀牙髓了才会对牙齿造成本伤害。这个时候牙齿也就开始疼起来了。