In other words, the two enantiomers are mirror images of each other.

也就说，这两种对映体都它们自己的镜像。

Transition-metal catalysts can be easier to handle than enzymes, but usually fail to distinguish between enantiomers.

过渡金属催化剂可能比酶更容易操作，通常无法区分对映体。

But it turns out that thalidomide's R enantiomer can actually switch to the S version while inside the human body.

事实证，多胺中的R对映体在人体内还可以转换成S变体。

These two chemicals are mirror images known as enantiomers.

这两种化学物质镜像， 称为对映体。

" Enantiomers are..." - Hey, is that Chloe?

" 对映异构体..." -这不克洛吗？

But it turns out that thalidomide’s R enantiomer can actually switch to the S version while inside the human body.

事实证，沙利度胺的 R 对映异构体实际上可以在人体内转换为 S 版本。

And that's because the different versions of chiral molecules—called enantiomers —are made up of all the same parts, but arranged differently.

这因为手性分子的不同变体——即对映体——由所有相同部分组成，以不同形式排列。

In the case of thalidomide, scientists discovered that the R enantiomer helped with morning sickness, but the S enantiomer caused those severe birth defects.

在多胺中，科学家发现R对映体有助于缓解晨吐，S对映体则会引发严重的先天缺陷。

The S enantiomer is commonly sold over the counter as a vasodilator, and you can easily find it in vapor inhalers.

S对映体通常作为血管舒张药在柜台销售，你可以在蒸气吸入器中轻松找到它。

But if you position the " left-handed" , or S enantiomer, the same way, the hydrogen atom will be facing toward you.

如果你找到的“左撇子”或S对映体，那么氢原子将面朝你。

And that’s because the different versions of chiral molecules — called enantiomers — are made up of all the same parts, but arranged differently.

那因为不同版本的手性分子— — 称为对映体—— 由所有相同的部分组成， 排列不同。

After researchers discovered that only the S version of thalidomide caused birth defects, they thought about isolating the R enantiomer so they could continue to use it to treat morning sickness.

当研究员门发现多胺中仅有S变体会导致先天缺陷后，他们考虑将R对映体隔离出来，这样他们就能够继续使用多胺治疗晨吐。

These groups are kind of like your fingers: in each enantiomer, the groups are attached to the chiral center in the opposite order, so they're mirror images of each other.

在每个对映体中，这些组都逆序吸附在手性中心，因此它们变成了各自的镜像。

And because different receptors and enzymes inside your body react with molecules in very specific ways, the fact that enantiomers are mirror images means that they might react to things totally differently.

因为你体内不同的受体和酶会以非常具体的方式和分子共同发生反应，事实上对映体镜像意味着它们可能对事情的反应完全不同。

The result of these two pieces of work is a field called asymmetric organocatalysis (the asymmetric part of the name referring to its ability to generate pure enantiomers), that is now rippling through industrial chemistry.

这两项工作的结果一个被称为不对称有机催化的领域（这个名称的不对称部分指的它产生纯对映体的能）现在正席卷工业化学界。

These groups are kind of like your fingers: in each enantiomer, the groups are attached to the chiral center in the opposite order, so they’re mirror images of each other.

这些基团有点像你的手指： 在每个对映异构体中，这些基团以相反的顺序附着在手性中心， 所以它们彼此的镜像。

These are molecules that have two forms which are mirror images of each other. This is important in the drug industry, for the different versions, known as enantiomers, can have different effects in the body.

这些分子有两种形式且互为镜像。这在制药行业很重要，因为不同对映体，对人体会产生不同的作用。

Dr List and Dr MacMillan found a way to have the best of both worlds: small-molecule catalysts that have no metal atoms in them, can turn out pure enantiomers, and often simplify multi-step reactions. That has significant industrial implications.

不含金属原子的小分子催化剂，可以生成纯净的对映体，而且通常会简化多步反应。这具有重大的工业意义。

If you position the version of the molecule that's considered " right-handed" , called the R enantiomer, so the closest oxygen atom to the chiral center is below it, the hydrogen atom attached to the center will be facing away from you.

如果你找到了认为“右撇子”的分子变体，即R对映体，那么离手性中心最近的氧原子就在它的下方，附在中心的氢原子将背朝你。