These are all examples of informal norms, or what sociologists call folkways.

这些都是非正式规范的例子，或者社会学家所说的民俗。

The first are what we call folkways.

第一种是我们所说的民俗。

You will get into its history, learn more about folkways, and admire the artistic expressions.

了解它的历史，了解更多民俗，欣赏艺术表现形式。

You won’t be arrested for violating a folkway, but breaking them usually results in negative sanctions.

你会因为反民俗而被捕，但反民俗通常会导致负面制裁。

Folkways are the informal little rules that kind of go without saying.

民俗是言而喻的非正式小规则。

It’s not illegal to violate a folkway, but if you do, there might be ramifications – or what we call negative sanctions.

反民俗法，但如果你这样做，可能会产生后果——或者我们称之为负面制裁。

And sometimes, breaking a folkway can be a good thing, and score you some positive sanctions from certain parts of society.

有时，打破民俗可能是一件好事，从社会的某些方面给你一些积极的制裁。

I was soon to be pregnant, but not yet a mother fretting about eating habits, screen habits, study habits, the brutal folkways of adolescents, the porn merchants of the internet.

我很快就怀孕了，还没有成为一个为饮食习惯、看视频习惯、学习习惯、青少年野蛮风气、互联网色情卖家而烦恼的母亲。

Another type of norm are mores, which are more official than folkways and tend to be codified, or formalized, as the stated rules and laws of a society.

另一种规范是习俗，它比民俗更正式，且倾向于被编纂或正式化，作为一个社会的规定和法律。

We looked at how language influences culture through the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis and discussed the three types of norms – folkways, mores, and taboos – which govern our daily life.

我们通过 Sapir-Whorf 假设研究了语言如何影响文化，讨论了支配我们日常生活的三种规范——民俗、习俗和禁忌。