The kinked configuration is called the" cis isomer" and the straight one is the trans isomer.

结状排列成为“顺式异构体”线状排列，成为“反式异构体”。

But pentane, C5H12, has 3 possible isomers and C6H14, known as hexane, has 5.

但是戊烷 C5H12 有 3 种可能的异构体， 而称为己烷的 C6H14 有 5 种。

Thus, no isomers with alkynes. Phew. OK I'm done describing for the moment.

，炔烃没有异构体。呸。好的，我暂时完成描述。

But if the parts are different, it's possible to have two totally different isomers of the same compound.

但是，如果部分同，则同一化合物可能有两种完全同的异构体。

You would have to break the pi bond, and thus, the entire molecule to rotate between isomers.

你必须 pi ，，整个分子才能在异构体之间旋转。

These different structures for compounds that have the same molecular formula are called isomers.

具有相同分子式的化合物的这些同结构称为异构体。

So the number of atoms is butane only allows for 2 isomers, n-butane and isobutane.

所以原子数是丁烷只允许2种异构体， 正丁烷和异丁烷。

But looking at this table of the number of possible isomers you could see that that escalated quickly.

但是查看这张可能的异构体数量表， 您会发现它迅速增加。

Well we know that they're unsaturated alkenes because saturated fats don't have double bonds, and thus, can't have cis- and trans- isomers.

我们知道它们是饱和烯烃， 为饱和脂肪没有双，会有顺式和反式异构体。

They're not structural isomers like n-butane and i-butane, instead, they're what we call cis-trans isomers.

它们是像正丁烷和正丁烷那样的结构异构体，相反，它们就是我们所说的顺反异构体。

They call that isobutane and it is an isomer of butane, but according to these all important rules of nomenclature, it's not actually any sort of butane at all.

他们称其为异丁烷， 它是丁烷的异构体，但根据所有重要的命名规则， 它实际上根本是丁烷。

Evolution has provided a goodly range of these in the form of enzymes, which are large, complicated and sometimes temperamental protein molecules, but which have the advantage that they can create pure versions of what are known as optical isomers.

进化以酶的形式提供了大量的这类物质，这些酶是大型的、复杂的、有时还会变化无常的蛋白质分子，但它们的优点是可以产生被称为光学异构体的纯净版本。