Vaping has been associated with a higher risk of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

吸电子烟的人可能更易患上哮喘塞肺病。

But loud, chronic snoring is one sign of a sleep disorder known as obstructive sleep apnea.

但响亮、长期的打鼾可能是睡眠障碍的征兆：即一般所知的塞型睡眠呼吸中止症。

Rarely, if a polyp is very large, it can cause obstructive symptoms like abdominal pain and constipation.

罕见情况下，若息肉体积很大，可引起梗症状，如腹痛、便秘。

So what puts someone at risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea?

所以，什么原因会让一个人有塞型睡眠呼吸中止的风险？

Chronic bronchitis is actually lumped under the umbrella of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (or COPD), along with emphysema.

支气管炎与肺气肿同属于塞型肺疾病（COPD、肺）。

Individuals can have obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea, or features of both.

该病可分为塞睡眠呼吸暂停、中枢睡眠呼吸暂停，或者混合型。

And this is why obstructive sleep apnea can be linked to hypertension and other cardiovascular problems.

这就是为什么塞型睡眠呼吸中止症会被连结到高血压及其他心血管问题。

Some snoring is caused by severe obstructive sleep apnoea, where breathing stops and starts while the person is sleeping.

一些打鼾是由严重的塞睡眠呼吸暂停症引起的，这时候人在睡觉时呼吸会停止重新开。

Many researchers see weight loss as a solution to obstructive sleep apnea.

许多研究者认为减重是解决塞型睡眠呼吸中止症的一种方式。

Lung transplants are done mostly for chronic lung diseases like pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, or COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

肺移植主要用于治疗肺部疾病，如肺纤维化、囊纤维化或塞肺疾病。

I expressed as much to Martha. She was at first obstructive.

我向玛莎表达了同样的意思。她起初是挠的。

And to a jury, sarcasm plays as obstructive.

在陪审团看来 讽刺就是故意碍。

Some people with obstructive sleep apnea can benefit from custom made oral mouthpieces that help improve airflow during sleep.

塞睡眠呼吸暂停患者可获益定制的口腔装置，这种装置有助于改善夜间睡眠时的通气状态。

Obstructive sleep apnea is usually caused by blockages in the airway and is mainly characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep.

塞型睡眠呼吸中止症通常是由气道塞造成，主要的特征就是睡眠时呼吸暂停。

Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common form, and it develops when there's a blockage of the airways.

塞睡眠呼吸暂停是最常见的类型，发生于呼吸道塞时。

I didn't like what I saw when I was studying there — so much empty bigwiggism, and obstructive trickery.

我不喜欢我在那里学习时所看到的——那么多空洞的权贵主义碍的诡计。

So alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency can lead to both emphysema and chronic bronchitis, the two types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD.

因此α-1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症可导致肺气肿支，而肺气肿支是肺（COPD）中的2种类型。

Hathaway moved in with his mother, Kandy, who was gravely ill with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and on oxygen 24 hours a day.

海瑟薇搬到母亲坎迪那里居住，坎迪患有严重的塞肺病，每天要24小时吸氧。

CF lung disease is obstructive (like asthma and COPD), so pulmonary function tests are regularly used to monitor the disease.

CF肺部疾病是塞型的，哮喘还有COPD一样，所以定期肺功能检测被用于检测疾病。

And specific conditions - like narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea and depression - can elevate your risk of REM abnormalities, Dr. Dasgupta said.

达斯古普塔博士说，特定的情况——如发作睡病、塞睡眠呼吸暂停抑郁症——可能会增加快速眼动睡眠异常的风险。