In postmenopausal osteoporosis, decreased estrogen levels lead to increased bone resorption.

在绝经后骨质疏松中，雌激素减少引发了骨吸收增加。

Now, the two most common types of osteoporosis are postmenopausal osteoporosis and senile osteoporosis.

如今，最常见两种骨质疏松是绝经后骨质疏松与老年骨质疏松。

There are two common types of osteoporosis: these are senile osteoporosis and postmenopausal osteoporosis.

常见骨质疏松有两种：老年骨质疏松与绝经后骨质疏松。

Femoral neck fractures and distal radius fractures can also occur, and they're often associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis.

股骨颈骨折、桡骨远端骨折也时有发生，而且它和绝经后骨质疏松相。

Both serous and malignant cystadenocarcinomas are cysts with an inflamed and swollen lining, and they commonly arise in postmenopausal women.

两种浆液且恶腺癌都由发炎肿胀泡排列而成，同时它通常见于绝经后女。

Yes, let's hear it for postmenopausal.

是，让我听听绝经后声音。

Postmenopausal women like me, not that long ago, were considered useless or crazy.

不久前，像我这样绝经后妇女被认为是无用或疯狂。

Some research has also found that greater soy intake is associated with a lower risk of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women.

些研究还发现，摄入更多大豆可以降低绝经后女骨质疏松骨折风险。

Finally, medications like denosumab, which is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits osteoclasts, and raloxifene, which is a selective estrogen receptor modulator, can be used for postmenopausal osteoporosis.

最后，地诺单抗等药物作为单克隆抗体可抑制破骨细胞；雷洛昔芬，种有选择雌激素受体调节器，可以被用于绝经后骨质疏松。

He and other researchers said the findings could be important for orca conservation, suggesting it's just as vital to protect older, postmenopausal females as it is younger females of breeding age and their offspring.

他和其他研究人员都认为这些发现可能对保护虎鲸意义重大，因为研究发现保护年龄较大、绝经后雌鲸与保护育龄年轻雌鲸及其后代同样重要。

Dr. Nattrass said the study could point to some answers. It found that postmenopausal killer whales provided the biggest boost to their grandcalves' chances of survival, beyond that provided by grandmother killer whales that were still breeding.

纳特拉斯博士认为这项研究可能会指向些答案。 研究发现，绝经后虎鲸可以最大程度提升孙辈存活率，发挥作用超过那些仍在繁殖期祖母虎鲸。

Dr. Nattrass said postmenopausal killer whales are able to guide their families to salmon when it's scarce, using stores of " ecological knowledge" gained over decades of life experience. Without that knowledge, Dr. Nattrass said, the grandcalves could die.

纳特拉斯博士说绝经后虎鲸能够利用几十年生活经验中积累" 生态知识" ，在鲑鱼稀缺时候，指导家人捕食鲑鱼。 如果没有这些知识，虎鲸幼崽很可能难以生存。