If it involves the renal artery and limits blood flowing to the kidneys, it triggers more renin.

如果累及肾动脉并且限制了肾脏的血流，它就会引发更多肾素的释放。

The diagnosis of hyperaldosteronism is mainly done by measuring levels of renin and aldosterone.

酮增多症的诊断主要通过测定肾素与酮的水平来完成。

So in this case aldosterone levels are high and renin levels are low in.

因此，在这种情况下，酮水平高，肾素水平。

But, as I mentioned earlier, this renin angiotensin aldosterone system is stimulated by low salt intake.

但是，正如我之前提到的，盐饮食会导 RAA 系统活跃。

Secondary causes of hyperaldosteronism are usually due to excess aldosterone production in response to high levels of renin.

酮增多症的继发性原因通常是由于高水平肾素导酮成过多。

Another example is a tumor that produces excess aldosterone, which just like renin, leads to fluid retention.

另一个例子是肿瘤的长也会产过多的酮，一种类似于肾素的物质，会导液体的积存。

When not enough blood flows to the kidneys, the kidney secretes the hormone renin, which ultimately helps the kidneys retain more water.

当肾脏中的血流不充足时，肾脏就会分泌肾素，以帮助肾脏留存住更多的水。

In chronic kidney disease, the falling glomerular filtration rate leads to more and more renin secretion which leads to hypertension.

慢性肾病中，GFR降，导更多肾素分泌，进而引发高血压。

Another study shows that when salt intake drops below 1.5 teaspoons per day, a significant increase in renin and aldosterone occurs.

另一项研究显示，当盐摄入量降至每天 1.5 茶匙以下，人体中的酮及肾素水平将大幅上升。

For example, normally when the kidneys start sensing a lower than normal amount of fluid getting filtered, they respond by releasing the hormone renin to increase the blood pressure.

例如，通常肾在感知到滤过量减少时会释放肾素作为应答，升高血压。

Your kidneys cook up hormones like renin and angiotensin which help regulate levels of sodium and fluids in your body, and also help expand and constrict blood vessels.

你的肾脏会分泌肾素和血管紧张素等荷尔蒙，这些荷尔蒙有助于调节体钠和液体的水平，也有助于扩张和收缩血管。

In primary hyperaldosteronism, the main problem is that zona glomerulosa cells secrete high levels of aldosterone, and that aldosterone has a negative feedback effect on renin, and so it actually inhibits renin production.

在原发性酮增多症中，主要问题是球状带细胞分泌高水平的酮；酮对肾素有负反馈作用，因而实际上抑制肾素成。

Aldosterone is secreted in response to elevated levels of renin, and it's role is to bind to receptors on two types of cells along the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron.

肾素水平升高可刺激酮的分泌，后者的作用是结合肾远曲小管中两种细胞上的受体。

The juxtaglomerular cells then receive the signal and also independently sense the low pressure in the blood vessels and secrete an enzyme called renin which increases sodium reabsorption which helps raise the blood volume.

球旁细胞接收信号，同时也可感受血管血压，并分泌一种叫肾素的酶，而肾素能增加钠的重吸收，从而能增加血容量。

Along the same lines, drugs that reduce the effect of aldosterone can also cause hyperkalemia, and these are drugs like renin inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, selective aldosterone blockers, and potassium-sparing diuretics.

同理，可以降酮效能的药物也可以导高钾血症，例如肾素抑制剂、ACE抑制剂、血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂、选择性酮受体阻滞剂以及保钾利尿剂等。