Chronic gout can eventually lead to permanent deposits of urate crystals—called tophi, which form along the bones just beneath the skin.

慢性痛风最终会导致尿的永久性沉积，形成痛风石，附于骨头，止于皮下。

At a physiologic pH of about 7.4, uric acid loses a proton and becomes a urate ion, which then binds sodium and forms monosodium urate crystals.

生理环境下，体液的pH值约7.4，此时尿会失去一个质，尿离；尿离与钠离合，形成单钠尿盐。

At a physiologic pH, uric acid loses a proton and becomes a urate ion, which then binds sodium, forming monosodium urate which crystallizes and ultimately forms uric acid stones.

生理PH值下，尿失去一个质成尿盐离，随之与钠合，形成单钠尿盐，后最终形成尿石。

Individuals with chronic gout are also at an increased risk for developing kidney stones made of uric acid, as well as urate nephropathy, which is when urate crystals deposit in the interstitium of the kidney.

慢性痛风的病人罹患尿性肾石以及尿性肾病的风险也会升高；尿性肾病中，尿沉积于肾脏间质。