shortening

1.Brachydactyly： Shortening of the digits, short fingers and or toes, is due to the anomalous development of the phalanges or metacarpals.

指（趾）是一种较手（足）部形。指（趾）缺，者掌变，都可使手指（足趾）变。指可能伴有多指并指。

2.There are several pruning methods for Hippophae rhamnoides L. forests, namely, heading-back cut, thinning-out cut, shortening cut, renewal cut, watershoot pruning, etc.

对于一般沙棘林，其修剪方法主要包括截、疏剪、回缩、更新剪（留桩）、徒长枝修剪等。

3.The surgical treatment can reduce the degree of blepharospasm and the ptotic eyebrow,blepharoptosis,blepharochalasis and the shortening of blepharal width can be cured completely.

手术能够明显减轻眼睑痉挛程度，并能完全矫正眉下垂、上睑下垂、睑皮松弛、睑裂横径缩小等临床症状。

4.Thanatophoric dysplasia (TD) is the most common form of lethal neonatal dwarfism with micromelic shortening of the limbs, macrocephaly, platyspondyly, and reduced thoracic cavity.

摘要致死性胎是最致死性新生儿侏儒症其特点为小四肢、小胸、巨头及脑部发育异等。